AER/Inorganic Seminar – Sumeet Chakravorty
About the event
AER/Inorganic Chemistry Seminar
Zoom Only
Title: Detection of small molecules in space utilizing mass spectrometry and an insight into the Mass Spectrometer for Space Exploration (MASPEX)
Sumeet Chakravorty: Literature Seminar (Reilly Group)
Abstract: NASA’s Europa Clipper space exploration mission to Europa, a moon of Jupiter, in 2023 will utilize a high resolution multi-bounce Time-of-Flight (MBTOF) instrument named MASPEX (MAss Spectrometer for SPace EXploration. The resolution and versatility of this instrument currently makes it the “gold standard” for mass spectrometers for space exploration missions. Information from older missions, or rather the lack of information utilizing mass spectrometers such as the INMS (Ion and Neutral Mass spectrometer) from the Cassini mission in 1997 and ROSINA (Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis mass spectrometers) in 2004 lead to the necessity in designing a new mass spectrometer that has the capability to resolve similar mass species specifically isobars, isotopologues, and small organic compounds in the region of 1 to 250 Daltons. At the sacrifice of mass range, increasing the ion path within the TOF instrument allows for an increase in resolution due to an increase in separation of similar mass-to-charge ratio peaks. MASPEX allows for detection of compounds and elements such as organic compounds, noble gases, and water in the atmosphere and ionosphere of planets, moons, and from dust emitted from comets, making it the most versatile mass spectrometer chosen for space exploration use. It is apparent that there is a need to collect more useful information from each space exploration mission and therefore there will be a need for even more powerful instruments such as ultra-high resolution mass spectrometers and other mass spectrometry techniques. The use of MASPEX and the future of mass spectrometers in space could help answer a lot of astrobiological and abiogenetic questions and possibly help lead to the discovery of life on other celestial objects.
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